Quranic Arabic General Fusion (Ìdgóm ul’ám) – Tajwid Enhancement Lesson 6

Written by Noorislam Uddin (MArch)

6.a) Identical general fusion (Ídgōm ull’ām ulmutamāṫil)

Priority: Recommended

This type of fusion is easy to recognise. It occurs when two of the same consonant letters appear side-by-side. This means that the first of these letters has a sukūn pause on it, as it would otherwise be separated from the next letter by a vowel. In these cases, the letters are fused in a way that sounds just as if the first letter has dissappeared, and the second letter has become a shaddaḧ double letter. The two ‘identical’ letters can be within the same word, or across two words separated by a space.

E.g.

6.b) Similar general fusion (Ídgōm ull’ām ulmutajānis)

Priority: Recommended

Summary: These instances of fusion are few enough in the Quran to be memorised case-by-case. They occur when two nearly identical consonant letters appear side-by-side. This means that the first of these letters has a sukūn pause on it, as it would otherwise be separated from the next letter by a vowel. The letters can be different either by their macōrij ‘exit points’ from the mouth, or by their vowel ṣifāt ‘characteristic’ (also see lesson set 1. Heaviness). Excluding the instances found with N-pause, the ‘similar’ letter pairs that should be fused are [ ـد ] Dāl followed with [ تـ ] Tâ; [ ـت ] Tâ followed with [ د ] Dāl; [ ـذ ] Vāl followed with [ ظـ ] Ṿô; [ ـت ] Tā followed with [ طـ ] Ṭô; [ ـل ] Lām followed with [ ر ] Rô; [ ـب ] Bâ followed with [ مـ ] Mīm; [ ـق ] Qōf followed with [ كـ ] Kāf; and [ ـث ] Ṫâ followed with [ ذ ] Vāl. In these pairings, the letters are fused in a way that sounds just as if the first letter has disappeared, and the second letter has become a shaddaḧ double letter. Two letters of a pair can be within the same word, or across two words separated by a space.

E.g.